Crotalaria virgulata Klotzsch
subsp. virgulata

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Synonyms: Crotalaria shamvaensis I. Verd.
Crotalaria spinosa sensu J.G. Baker in F.T.A. 2: 17 (1871)
Common names:
Frequency:
Status: Native
Description:
Decumbent to erect annual or short-lived perennial, up to 1.8 m tall; branches subappressed pubescent to spreading hairy. Leaves 3-foliolate, sometimes mostly on short shoots; leaflets 4–50 mm long, linear or oblanceolate to elliptic-oblong or obovate, hairy on both surfaces or only beneath; petiole 2–30 mm long; stipules 1–3 mm long, subulate to narrowly triangular. Racemes usually of two sorts; primary racemes terminal or leaf-opposed on long shoots, 2–40 cm long, laxly 3–40-flowered, indeterminate (ending in a bud) or determinate (ending in a bristle-like extension of the rhachis); supplementary inflorescences usually developed (at least later in the season) from short shoots in axils of the main leaves, with 1–2 flowers on a filiform axis 0.2–2.5 cm long; bracts linear-lanceolate, 0.5–4 mm long, usually shorter than the pedicel. Calyx 3.5–9 mm long, pubescent; lobes 1.5–2.5 times as long as the tube. Standard broadly elliptic, yellow, often lined red, pubescent or rarely almost hairless outside; wings broadened upwards, nearly as long as the keel; keel 6–14 mm long, angular, with a narrow twisted beak. Pod shortly stipitate, more or less oblong-obovoid (sometimes only slightly broadened apically), 8–15 mm long, pubescent outside and sometimes also inside, 6–12-seeded.
Notes: Several other subspecies have been described but intermediates are known in some areas. This subsp. is distinguished by the erect habit with leaves on many short shoots; main leaflets larger than secondary ones, with leaflets linear to narrowly elliptic; presence of long primary inflorescences up to 27 cm long and indeterminate (ending in a bud), secondary inflorescences are often sparse or lacking.
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat: In woodland, savanna and grassland.
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution: Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and likely in Botswana.
Botswana distribution:
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 18.

Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 67. as Crotalaria virgulata

Drummond, R.B. (1972). A list of Rhodesian Legumes. Kirkia 8(2) Page 219. also as Crotalaria shamvaensis

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 47.

Martins, E.S. et al. (2003). Papilionoideae Flora Zambesiaca 3(7) Pages 181 - 183. (Includes a picture).

Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 59.

Polhill, R.M. (1982). Crotalaria in Africa and Madagascar. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. Pages 290 - 292. (Includes a picture).

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 64.

Other sources of information about Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata:

Our websites:

Flora of Malawi: Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata
Flora of Mozambique: Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata
Flora of Zambia: Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata
Flora of Zimbabwe: Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Crotalaria virgulata
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Crotalaria virgulata
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Crotalaria virgulata
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Crotalaria virgulata
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Crotalaria virgulata
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Crotalaria virgulata
JSTOR Plant Science: Crotalaria virgulata
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Crotalaria virgulata
Plants of the World Online: Crotalaria virgulata
Tropicos: Crotalaria virgulata
Wikipedia: Crotalaria virgulata


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2014-24

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Botswana: Species information: Crotalaria virgulata subsp. virgulata.
https://www.botswanaflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=128350, retrieved 28 March 2024

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