Hyparrhenia dichroa (Steud.) Stapf

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Synonyms: Andropogon bicolor Nees
Andropogon dichroos Steud.
Cymbopogon dichroos (Steud.) Pilg.
Cymbopogon luembensis De Wild.
Hyparrhenia fastigiata Robyns
Hyparrhenia gazensis sensu Jackson & Wiehe, non (Rendle) Stapf.
Hyparrhenia luembensis (De Wild.) Robyns
Hyparrhenia vulpina sensu Jackson & Wiehe, non Stapf.
Sorghum bicolor (Nees) Kuntze
Common names:
Frequency:
Status: Native
Description:
Caespitose perennial; culms up to 300 cm high, stout, erect. Leaf sheaths glabrous; leaf laminas up to 60 cm × 8 mm, rigid. False panicle 20–60 cm long, copiously branched; spatheoles 2–3.5 cm long, narrowly lanceolate, at length reddish; peduncles half as long to almost as long as the spatheoles, glabrous or pilose above with spreading white hairs; racemes 1–1.5(2) cm long, 6–9-awned per pair, glabrescent to fulvously pilose, embraced by the spatheole, terminally exserted, not or very rarely deflexed; raceme-bases unequal, the superior 1.5–2.5 mm long, terete, usually softly hirtellous, sometimes glabrous, the articulation with the peduncle tip glabrous. Homogamous spikelets similar to the pedicelled, a single pair at the base of the inferior raceme or both racemes. Sessile spikelets 4–5 mm long; callus 0.4–0.8 mm long, cuneate, obtuse; inferior glume lanceolate, yellowish-brown or violet-tinged, the hairs usually fulvous but often pallid and scanty, the back usually glossy; awn (1)2–3 cm long, the column rufously pubescent. Pedicelled spikelets 3–5 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, acute or mucronate (or with a bristle not more than 1 mm long) at the apex; callus absent; pedicel-tooth short, broadly triangular.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat: Growing in deciduous bushland and wooded grassland, especially on the moister soils; also in weedy places along roadsides and on old cultivated land
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution: Eastern tropical Africa southwards to South Africa, but more common towards the south, Botswana, Namibia, Malawi, Mozambiqjue, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Botswana distribution: N
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 32.

Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 21.

Cope, T.A. (2002). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(4) Pages 104 - 105.

Jackson, G. & Wiehe, P.O. (1958). An Annotated Check List of Nyasaland Grasses The Government Printer, Zomba, Nyasaland Page 43.

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 105.

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 138.

Other sources of information about Hyparrhenia dichroa:

Our websites:

Flora of Caprivi: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Flora of Caprivi: cultivated Hyparrhenia dichroa
Flora of Malawi: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Flora of Mozambique: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Flora of Zambia: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Flora of Zimbabwe: Hyparrhenia dichroa

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Hyparrhenia dichroa
African Plant Database: Hyparrhenia dichroa
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Hyparrhenia dichroa
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Hyparrhenia dichroa
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Hyparrhenia dichroa
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Hyparrhenia dichroa
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Hyparrhenia dichroa
JSTOR Plant Science: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Plants of the World Online: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Tropicos: Hyparrhenia dichroa
Wikipedia: Hyparrhenia dichroa


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2014-24

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Botswana: Species information: Hyparrhenia dichroa.
https://www.botswanaflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=108830, retrieved 28 March 2024

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