Setaria sagittifolia (A. Rich.) Walp.

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Photo: Petra Ballings
Shashe Wilderness Camp, Shashe River

Photo: Bart Wursten
Sandforest Loop, Gorongosa National Park.

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Synonyms:	Cymbosetaria sagittifolia (A. Rich.) Schweick. Panicum barbigerum Bertol. Panicum sagittifolium (A. Rich.) Steud. Pennisetum sagittifolium A. Rich. Setaria barbigera (Bertol.) Stapf
Common names:	Arrow grass (English)
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Annual grass 20-80 cm high. Leaves broadly linear to narrowly lanceolate, sagittate ate the base with lobes 2-30 mm long. Inflorescence a narrowly oblong to ovate panicle, 5-15 cm long. Spikelets secund on racemose branches; bristles 2-15 mm long. Spikelets suborbicular, 2 mm long, laterally compressed. Inferior glume 1/3, the superior 1/2 length of spikelet. Superior lemma conspicuously gibbous, keeled, rugose.
Type location:	Ethiopia
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	sagittifolia: with sagittate leaves, referring to the sharply pointed, backward pointing lobes at the base of the leaves.
Habitat:	In shady places in bushland, woodland, dry forest and riverine forest.
Altitude range: (metres)
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	From Yemen and Sudan throughout the eastern half of Africa to South Africa.
FZ divisions:	N,SE
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 51. Clayton, W.D. (1989). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(3) Page 101. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 499. (Includes a picture). Jackson, G. & Wiehe, P.O. (1958). An Annotated Check List of Nyasaland Grasses The Government Printer, Zomba, Nyasaland Page 59. As Setaria saggittifolia Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 109. Roodt, V. (2015). Grasses & Grazers of Botswana and the surrounding savanna Struik Nature, South Africa Pages 180 - 181. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 144. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 192.

Other sources of information about Setaria sagittifolia:

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Flora of Caprivi: Setaria sagittifolia
Flora of Malawi: Setaria sagittifolia
Flora of Mozambique: Setaria sagittifolia
Flora of Zambia: Setaria sagittifolia
Flora of Zimbabwe: Setaria sagittifolia

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Setaria sagittifolia
African Plant Database: Setaria sagittifolia
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Setaria sagittifolia
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Setaria sagittifolia
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Setaria sagittifolia
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Setaria sagittifolia
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Setaria sagittifolia
JSTOR Plant Science: Setaria sagittifolia
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Setaria sagittifolia
Plants of the World Online: Setaria sagittifolia
Tropicos: Setaria sagittifolia
Wikipedia: Setaria sagittifolia