Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.

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Photo: Mark Hyde
Near Sohwe Falls

Photo: James Varden
Iganyana Tented Camp, Hwange District (next door to Hwange Safari Lodge).

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Synonyms:	Baccharoides anthelmintica (L.) Moench Conyza anthelmintica L. Dolosanthus sylvaticus Klatt Vernonia stenolepis Oliv.
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Annual herb 0.1-2 m tall with sparingly branched stems, leafy in the upper part. Leaves subsessile, more or less narrowly oblong-elliptic, up to 22 cm long, sparsely hairy above and on the veins beneath, glad-dotted especially beneath; margins serrate with sharply pointed teeth. Capitula 2-24 on the leafy branches. Involucres 12-20 mm long and up to 35 mm wide when mature, broadly campanulate to hemispheric. Phyllaries many-seriate, mostly with apical appendages. Corollas purple to mauve, 10-12 mm long. Achenes dark brown to black, 4-5.5 mm long, 10-ribbed, strigose hairy.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	anthelmintica: vermifuge, worm-expelling
Habitat:	In riverine vegetation, miombo and mixed deciduous woodland and thickets, usually in shady situations on rocky hill slopes and on kalahari sand.
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	DRC, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe,Botwana and Namibia. Also in Pakistan, India,Nepal and Sri Lanka.
Botswana distribution:	N
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 36. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 29. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 28. as Baccharoides anthelmintica Pope, G.V. (1992). Compositae Flora Zambesiaca 6(1) Pages 136 - 137. Roodt, V. (2011). Wild flowers, Waterplants and Grasses of the Okavango Delta and Kalahari "Did You Know" nature series Struik Nature for Veronica Roodt Publications Page 90. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 31. as Baccharoides anthelmintica Wild, H. (1978). The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca area. 8. Vernonieae (Vernonia). Kirkia 11(1) Pages 115 - 116. as Vernonia stenolepis

Other sources of information about Vernonia anthelmintica:

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Flora of Malawi: Vernonia anthelmintica
Flora of Mozambique: Vernonia anthelmintica
Flora of Zambia: Vernonia anthelmintica
Flora of Zimbabwe: Vernonia anthelmintica

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Vernonia anthelmintica
African Plant Database: Vernonia anthelmintica
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Vernonia anthelmintica
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Vernonia anthelmintica
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Vernonia anthelmintica
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Vernonia anthelmintica
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Vernonia anthelmintica
JSTOR Plant Science: Vernonia anthelmintica
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Vernonia anthelmintica
Plants of the World Online: Vernonia anthelmintica
Tropicos: Vernonia anthelmintica
Wikipedia: Vernonia anthelmintica